Individual & Household Level Level
Access To and
Control Over Assets
- What kind of resources do women and men have access to, respectively?
- Financial
- Natural
- Services
- Information
- Social capital
- Knowledge
- What do women own? What do they do with what they own to improve their own health? Their children’s health?
- What do men own? What do they do with what they own to improve their own health? Their children’s health?
- What do they own together?
- Respectively, are women and men’s assets equally liquid and transferrable?
Beliefs and Perceptions
(Norm)
- What is appropriate behavior for a man or a woman? What is an ideal woman? What is an ideal man? How do these beliefs influence health behaviors?
- What are the social beliefs and perceptions that condition women and men’s expectations and aspirations? For education, for employment, for marriage and family?
- How might men or women interpret new experiences or information differently based on their gender identities, level of education, and different types of knowledge that men or women may have?
- Who should make decisions? What decisions do women make in the household? What kind of decisions do men make in the household? Which kinds of decisions are made jointly?
- When and with whom to have sex
- Safe sex
- Use of FP, ANC, skilled delivery care, postpartum care?
- VCT, PMTCT, voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC)
- Children’s health and nutrition
- Management of the household
- Schooling for boys and girls?
- What are men’s and women’s different experiences with violence— as victims, survivors or perpetrators?
- Who decides at what age a boy or girl marries? Whom they marry?
- Who decides whether or not a boy or man is circumcised, or whether or not if a girl or woman undergoes female genital mutilation?
Practices and Participation
(Roles & Responsibilities)
- What is the gendered division of labor: roles, activities, work, and responsibilities of women and men in the house?
- Do men or women have restrictions on their mobility? What restrictions? How do they influence women’s access to services? To supportive social networks?
- What types of activities, meetings, associations, and groups do they engage in?
- What types of leadership roles do men and women play?
- Respectively, how do men and women spend their time?
- Spatially, within the community and beyond, where are men’s and women’s activities located?
- What are men’s and women’s different skills and capabilities?
- What are men’s and women’s different experiences with violence— as victims, survivors or perpetrators?
- Who decides at what age a boy or girl marries? What are the reasons for getting married at younger/older ages?
- Who decides whether or not a boy or man is circumcised, or whether or not a girl or woman undergoes female genital mutilation?
- Does a man or a woman in a couple decide when to have sex and when to have a child? Under what circumstances do they decide jointly? How do they communicate their preferences?
Laws, Policies,
and Institutions
- How do inheritance laws treat men and women respectively? What about children, boys and girls?
- How does the legal system treat men and women (i.e., due process and recognition of rights)?
- What employment opportunities are open to men? What employment opportunities are open to women?
- How do men’s wages compare to women’s?
- How do men’s access resources from the state or private companies (e.g., health, education, basic infrastructure, and public goods) compare to women’s?
- Do men and women have equal status under all national, regional, and local laws?
Specific To Hiv And Aids
Access To and
Control Over Assets
- What kind of resources do women and men have access to, respectively?
- Financial
- Natural
- Services
- Information
- Social capital
- Knowledge
- How do differences in men’s and women’s ownership of assets affect their different risks and vulnerabilities to HIV transmission?
- How do men’s and women’s access to and control over assets and resources affect their decision to get tested? Their access to treatment? Their ability to follow treatment protocols? Their ability to afford or use condoms or avoid high-risk behavior, such as transactional sex?
- How do differences in men’s and women’s social capital affect their risk for HIV transmission and their care and support if they find out they are HIV positive?
- Respectively, are women and mens’ assets equally liquid and transferrable? How do differences in men’s and women’s inheritance of assets affect men’s and women’s health and wellbeing after a divorce or being widowed, e.g., due to HIV?
Beliefs and Perceptions
(Norm)
- What are the social beliefs and perceptions that shape what it means to be a man or a woman, for dating, courtship, marriage and sex? What is appropriate behavior for a man or a woman, for dating, courtship, marriage and sex? What is an ideal woman? What is an ideal man? How do these beliefs affect women and mens’ respective capacity to follow safe sex practices?
- What are the social beliefs and perceptions that condition women and men’s expectations and aspirations for dating or courtship relationships? For marriage? For multiple partners?
- How might men or women interpret information about HIV prevention differently based on their gender identities?
- How do beliefs about who should make decisions in the household affect women’s ability to influence her and her partner’s decisions to get tested? What kind of decisions do men make in the household?
- Which kinds of decisions are made jointly?
- When and with whom to have sex
- Safe sex
- Use of FP, ANC, skilled delivery care, postpartum care?
- VCT, PMTCT, voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC)
- Children’s health and nutrition
- Management of the household
- Schooling for boys and girls
- What are men’s and women’s different experiences with violence—as victims, survivors or perpetrators? How does the fear of and/or experience of violence by an intimate partner affect women’s risk of contracting HIV? Her willingness to get tested? Her ability to disclose her status to her partner?
- What types of beliefs about men’s “ideal” behaviors put men at risk of HIV, or increasing the risk for their intimate partners?
- Who decides at what age a boy or girl marries? How does early marriage affect the risk of HIV infection and the likelihood of accessing services?
- Who decides whether or not a boy or man is circumcised, or whether or not if a girl or woman undergoes female genital mutilation?
Practices and Participation
(Roles & Responsibilities)
- What is the gendered division of labor: roles, activities, work, and responsibilities of women and men. How might these affect the burden of care they assume for family members with HIV?
- Do men or women have restrictions on their mobility that may increase or decrease their vulnerability and access to care?
- What types of activities, meetings, associations, and groups do they engage in? How do these different patterns of association affect men’s and women’s respective access to information and capacity to understand and protect themselves from HIV?
- What types of leadership roles do men and women play? To what extent can men and women influence HIV prevention, treatment, and care policies?
- Respectively, how do men and women spend their time? Are men or women forced into or prone to economic activities that may put them at greater risk of HIV infection (e.g., sex work, migrant work)?
- Spatially, within the community and beyond, where are men’s and women’s activities located? How does the different location of men’s and women’s activities put them at greater or lesser risk of HIV infection or affect their exposure to other diseases that may adversely affect their health, especially if they are HIV positive?
- What are men’s and women’s different experiences with violence—as victims, survivors or perpetrators?
- Who decides at what age a boy or girl marries?
- Who decides whether or not a boy or man is circumcised, or whether or not if a girl or woman undergoes female genital mutilation?
- Does a man or a woman in a couple decide when to have sex; when to have a child? Who decides about PMTCT?
Laws, Policies,
and Institutions
- How do inheritance laws treat men and women respectively?
- Are there laws on HIV? What are they? How might they affect HIV protection or risk?
- Is sex work illegal?
- Is homosexuality illegal?
- What employment opportunities are open to men? What employment opportunities are open to women? How are men’s and women’s employment opportunities respectively affected by their HIV status?
- How do men’s access to state resources (e.g., health, education, basic infrastructure, and public goods) compare to women’s?
- Do men, women and other gender identities have equal status under all national, regional, and local laws?
- Are there laws and policies preventing stigma and discrimination based on HIV status? Are they enforced?
Sample Jhpiego Tools
Barrier Analysis Questionnaire: Contraceptive Use Among Young, Unmarried Women
Authors: Jhpiego
Project: Afya Halisi, Kenya
Health Area: Family Planning
Tool Type: Doer/Non-Doer Questionnaire
Tool Objectives: This tool helps identify reasons young, unmarried women use or do not use contraceptives.
Targeted Users: Researchers, project staff, and others seeking to understand reasons for contraceptive use and nonuse among young, unmarried women.
How to Apply the Tool: This barrier analysis includes questions on perceived self-efficacy, positive and negative consequences, social norms, barriers, and facilitators. It can be used for formative research on the topic of family planning. Tool available in English and Swahili.
Authors: Jhpiego
Project: Myanmar Essential Health Project, Myanmar
Health Area: Reproductive Health, Maternal Health, Newborn Health, Child Health
Tool Type: Household Questionnaire
Tool Objectives: This tool collects quantitative data on households, including household composition, assets, accessing health services, household decision-making, and other topics related to maternal health; water, sanitation, and hygiene; and other health topics.
Targeted Users: Program staff, researchers, or others seeking to understand common experiences of pregnancy and childhood among women in Myanmar and gender-related barriers to reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health
How to Apply the Tool: The Household Questionnaire was designed for the baseline assessment under the Myanmar Essential Health Project. This tool can be used as part of a gender analysis during formative research or baseline/midline/endline evaluations.
Rapid Knowledge, Practices, and Coverage Survey: Gender Module Instructions and Surveys for Men and Women
Authors: Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP)
Project: MCSP, Global
Health Area: Household Decision-Making, Maternal Health, Child Health, Gender Norms
Tool Type: Knowledge, Practices, and Coverage (KPC) Survey
Tool Objectives: This tool enables information collection on women’s and men’s roles in household activities, household decision-making, decision-making for women’s and children’s health care, and attitudes around gender norms.
Targeted Users: Program managers or others conducting household surveys as part of rapid assessments on maternal and child health
How to Apply the Tool: This tool consists of instructions for the KPC gender module, a women’s survey, and a men’s survey found in the Microsoft Excel document. It is designed to measure health outcomes that were targeted by program interventions as well as more general gendered dimensions that may influence health practices but may not have been directly targeted by program interventions. It can be used for formative research/program design.
Authors: Jhpiego
Project: Afya Halisi, Kenya
Health Area: Family Planning
Tool Type: Doer/Non-Doer Questionnaire
Tool Objectives: This tool helps identify reasons young, unmarried women use or do not use contraceptives.
Targeted Users: Researchers, project staff, and others seeking to understand reasons for contraceptive use and nonuse among young, unmarried women.
How to Apply the Tool: This barrier analysis includes questions on perceived self-efficacy, positive and negative consequences, social norms, barriers, and facilitators. It can be used for formative research on the topic of family planning. Tool available in English and Swahili.
Authors: Jhpiego
Project: Myanmar Essential Health Project, Myanmar
Health Area: Reproductive Health, Maternal Health, Newborn Health, Child Health
Tool Type: Household Questionnaire
Tool Objectives: This tool collects quantitative data on households, including household composition, assets, accessing health services, household decision-making, and other topics related to maternal health; water, sanitation, and hygiene; and other health topics.
Targeted Users: Program staff, researchers, or others seeking to understand common experiences of pregnancy and childhood among women in Myanmar and gender-related barriers to reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health
How to Apply the Tool: The Household Questionnaire was designed for the baseline assessment under the Myanmar Essential Health Project. This tool can be used as part of a gender analysis during formative research or baseline/midline/endline evaluations.
Authors: Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP)
Project: MCSP, Global
Health Area: Household Decision-Making, Maternal Health, Child Health, Gender Norms
Tool Type: Knowledge, Practices, and Coverage (KPC) Survey
Tool Objectives: This tool enables information collection on women’s and men’s roles in household activities, household decision-making, decision-making for women’s and children’s health care, and attitudes around gender norms.
Targeted Users: Program managers or others conducting household surveys as part of rapid assessments on maternal and child health
How to Apply the Tool: This tool consists of instructions for the KPC gender module, a women’s survey, and a men’s survey found in the Microsoft Excel document. It is designed to measure health outcomes that were targeted by program interventions as well as more general gendered dimensions that may influence health practices but may not have been directly targeted by program interventions. It can be used for formative research/program design.
Knowledge, Practices, and Coverage Survey: Men’s and Women’s Baseline Questionnaires
Authors: Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP)
Project: MCSP, Mozambique
Health Area: Household Decision-Making, Maternal Health, Child Health, Gender Norms
Tool Type: Knowledge, Practices, and Coverage (KPC) Survey
Tool Objectives: This tool enables information collection on women’s and men’s roles in household activities, household decision-making, decision-making for women’s and children’s health care, and attitudes around gender norms.
Targeted Users: Program staff, researchers, or others seeking to understand common experiences of pregnancy and childhood among women and gender-related barriers to reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health
How to Apply the Tool: This tool can be used as part of a gender analysis during formative research or baseline/midline/endline evaluations. It is a shortened version of the Global KPC Survey posted separately.
Authors: Maternal and Child Survival Program (MCSP)
Project: MCSP, Mozambique
Health Area: Household Decision-Making, Maternal Health, Child Health, Gender Norms
Tool Type: Knowledge, Practices, and Coverage (KPC) Survey
Tool Objectives: This tool enables information collection on women’s and men’s roles in household activities, household decision-making, decision-making for women’s and children’s health care, and attitudes around gender norms.
Targeted Users: Program staff, researchers, or others seeking to understand common experiences of pregnancy and childhood among women and gender-related barriers to reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health
How to Apply the Tool: This tool can be used as part of a gender analysis during formative research or baseline/midline/endline evaluations. It is a shortened version of the Global KPC Survey posted separately.
Resources
Authors: Demographic Health Survey Program. Date: 2013
Organization: ICF International
Health Area: National health statistics
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): In addition to the standard DHS questions the health status of women of reproductive age and their children, the women’s module includes questions designed to measure the status of women relative to men. The questionnaire asks about different areas of women’s lives related to empowerment, including decision-making, autonomy, ownership of houses and land, barriers to accessing medical care, and attitudes toward intimate partner violence. A parallel men’s questionnaire probes areas of men’s knowledge of reproductive health and includes questions about men’s health. In addition, it inquires about men’s employment and attitudes related to women’s empowerment, such as decision-making, childbearing, women’s autonomy, and intimate partner violence.
The Domestic Violence module supports a more extensive examination of intimate partner and sexual violence. It is administered to women only. The module interviews a subset of the women interviewed for the main DHS household and women’s modules. Information on men who experience intimate partner violence comes from the men’s module of the standard DHS and not from the Domestic Violence module.
Targeted Users: Policymakers, researchers, and health system administrators and
planners.
How to apply the tool? These instruments were developed to use for national level surveys. They are lengthy and expensive to administer and not appropriate for project level data collection. Nevertheless, they are useful as a reference when developing surveys at the local or regional levels within countries as the questions have been tested and validated across a number of different contexts. The results of the DHS surveys in individual countries are also a good starting point before designing and conducting gender data collection and analysis. National findings may not capture local variations in key gender indicators. In most countries, there is considerable variation across different regions and ethnic groups. When working in different areas of the country, a project may find it useful to use some standard DHS-like questions to capture this variation in a comparable form.
WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence.
2005. Geneva: World Health Organization.
http://bit.ly/1Idj5b4
Authors: Garcia-Moreno, Claudia, Henrica A.F.M. Jansen, Mary Ellsberg, Lori Heise, Charlotte Watts. Date: 2005
Organization: World Health Organization (WHO)
Health Area: Violence against women and girls
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): This resource reports on the findings of a multi-country study of intimate partner violence. Its objectives were to: 1) estimate the prevalence of violence against women; 2) assess the extent to which intimate partner violence is associated with different types of health outcomes; 3) identify factors that are either protective or subject women to risk of partner violence; and 4) document the strategies and services that women use to deal with intimate partner violence. The full version of the report includes the data collection instruments used in the survey in Annexes 3-4.
Targeted Users: Researchers, M&E specialists, and program managers who are interested in researching or evaluating intimate partner violence.
How to apply the tool? The tool was developed to be used at a population level but the questions are designed to collect data from individuals at the household level.
Authors: Demographic Health Survey Program. Date: 2013
Organization: ICF International
Health Area: National health statistics
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): In addition to the standard DHS questions the health status of women of reproductive age and their children, the women’s module includes questions designed to measure the status of women relative to men. The questionnaire asks about different areas of women’s lives related to empowerment, including decision-making, autonomy, ownership of houses and land, barriers to accessing medical care, and attitudes toward intimate partner violence. A parallel men’s questionnaire probes areas of men’s knowledge of reproductive health and includes questions about men’s health. In addition, it inquires about men’s employment and attitudes related to women’s empowerment, such as decision-making, childbearing, women’s autonomy, and intimate partner violence.
The Domestic Violence module supports a more extensive examination of intimate partner and sexual violence. It is administered to women only. The module interviews a subset of the women interviewed for the main DHS household and women’s modules. Information on men who experience intimate partner violence comes from the men’s module of the standard DHS and not from the Domestic Violence module.
Targeted Users: Policymakers, researchers, and health system administrators and
planners.
How to apply the tool? These instruments were developed to use for national level surveys. They are lengthy and expensive to administer and not appropriate for project level data collection. Nevertheless, they are useful as a reference when developing surveys at the local or regional levels within countries as the questions have been tested and validated across a number of different contexts. The results of the DHS surveys in individual countries are also a good starting point before designing and conducting gender data collection and analysis. National findings may not capture local variations in key gender indicators. In most countries, there is considerable variation across different regions and ethnic groups. When working in different areas of the country, a project may find it useful to use some standard DHS-like questions to capture this variation in a comparable form.
Authors: Garcia-Moreno, Claudia, Henrica A.F.M. Jansen, Mary Ellsberg, Lori Heise, Charlotte Watts. Date: 2005
Organization: World Health Organization (WHO)
Health Area: Violence against women and girls
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): This resource reports on the findings of a multi-country study of intimate partner violence. Its objectives were to: 1) estimate the prevalence of violence against women; 2) assess the extent to which intimate partner violence is associated with different types of health outcomes; 3) identify factors that are either protective or subject women to risk of partner violence; and 4) document the strategies and services that women use to deal with intimate partner violence. The full version of the report includes the data collection instruments used in the survey in Annexes 3-4.
Targeted Users: Researchers, M&E specialists, and program managers who are interested in researching or evaluating intimate partner violence.
How to apply the tool? The tool was developed to be used at a population level but the questions are designed to collect data from individuals at the household level.
Authors: Fulu, Emma and Rachel Jewkes Date:
Organization: Partners for Prevention
Health Area: FP, gender-based violence
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): This survey was developed for the United Nation’s Partners for Prevention initiative focused on building evidence and theory-based approaches to prevent violence. This survey can be used to gather information about men’s FP practices and sexual relationships. The survey includes sections on sociodemographic characteristics and employment, childhood experiences, attitudes about relations between men and women, intimate relations, fatherhood, health and well-being, and policies. A self-administered section of the questionnaire allows participants to answer questions about their sexual relations with partners privately and anonymously. It has been used by UNFPA in Bangladesh, UN Women in Cambodia and Indonesia, UNFPA and Institute of Sexualities and Gender Studies in China, United Nations Development Programme in Papua New Guinea, and CARE International and CPA Social Indicator in Sri Lanka.
Targeted Users: Organizations focused on assessing men’s attitudes and experiences related to FP and GBV.
How to apply the tool? This tool can be used by organizations working on interventions related to FP and GBV.
Tékponon Jikuagou (TJ) Project: Baseline Household Survey
2008. Accessible in Baseline Household Survey Report Tékponon Jikuagou Project: Addressing Unmet Need for FP through Social Networks in Benin. Washington DC: IRH.
http://bit.ly/1PQYPyL
Authors: Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH). Date: 2008
Organization: Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH).
Health Area: FP
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): The Tékponon Jikuagou project focused on reducing unmet need for FP. This survey, developed by the Tékponon Jikuagou project, can be used to collect data on women’s attitudes and behaviours related to fertility, child spacing, and FP, and to learn more about individuals’ social networks. The survey provides interviewers with information about the individuals’ key demographic information, women’s beliefs and attitudes about FP (for women in polygamous marriages), couple communication and gender norms, and experience with FP interventions. To learn more about the project that initially used this survey in Benin click here: http://bit.ly/1HyPjOa
Targeted Users: This survey is designed to assess women’s unmet needs in FP interventions.
How to apply the tool? This survey can be used by organizations implementing projects focused on FP.
Authors: Fulu, Emma and Rachel Jewkes Date:
Organization: Partners for Prevention
Health Area: FP, gender-based violence
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): This survey was developed for the United Nation’s Partners for Prevention initiative focused on building evidence and theory-based approaches to prevent violence. This survey can be used to gather information about men’s FP practices and sexual relationships. The survey includes sections on sociodemographic characteristics and employment, childhood experiences, attitudes about relations between men and women, intimate relations, fatherhood, health and well-being, and policies. A self-administered section of the questionnaire allows participants to answer questions about their sexual relations with partners privately and anonymously. It has been used by UNFPA in Bangladesh, UN Women in Cambodia and Indonesia, UNFPA and Institute of Sexualities and Gender Studies in China, United Nations Development Programme in Papua New Guinea, and CARE International and CPA Social Indicator in Sri Lanka.
Targeted Users: Organizations focused on assessing men’s attitudes and experiences related to FP and GBV.
How to apply the tool? This tool can be used by organizations working on interventions related to FP and GBV.
Authors: Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH). Date: 2008
Organization: Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH).
Health Area: FP
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): The Tékponon Jikuagou project focused on reducing unmet need for FP. This survey, developed by the Tékponon Jikuagou project, can be used to collect data on women’s attitudes and behaviours related to fertility, child spacing, and FP, and to learn more about individuals’ social networks. The survey provides interviewers with information about the individuals’ key demographic information, women’s beliefs and attitudes about FP (for women in polygamous marriages), couple communication and gender norms, and experience with FP interventions. To learn more about the project that initially used this survey in Benin click here: http://bit.ly/1HyPjOa
Targeted Users: This survey is designed to assess women’s unmet needs in FP interventions.
How to apply the tool? This survey can be used by organizations implementing projects focused on FP.
International Men and Gender Equality Survey (IMAGES) Survey Questionnaires.
2011. Washington D.C.: ICRW.
https://bit.ly/2lxNmJM
Authors: Promundo and International Center for Research on Women. Date: 2011
Organization: International Center for Research on Women and Instituto Promundo
Health Area: Men’s engagement
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): The International Men and Gender Equality Survey questionnaire developed under the Men and Gender Equality Policy Project can be used to assess men’s attitudes and practices and women’s opinions of men’s practices related to several key topic areas, including gender-based violence, health and health-related practice, household division of labor, men’s participation as caregivers/fathers, attitudes about gender-related policies, transactional sex, criminal behavior, and quality of life. The tool includes one questionnaire for men and one for women. These questionnaires include sections focused on sociodemographic information, childhood experiences, attitudes about relations between men and women, sexual diversity, household dynamics, policies, parenting, relationships and violence, and health and quality of life.
These questionnaires were used in Latin America, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa with more than 8,000 men and 3,500 women ages 18-59.
Targeted Users: Project staff working with men and women involved in projects addressing gender equality.
How to apply the tool? This tool can be used to interview men and women about attitude and practices related to gender equality issues. The tool authors recommend that organizations interested in using the survey in new locations should contact Gary Barker at Instituto Promundo (g.barker@promundo.org.br) and/or Ravi Verma (rverma@icrw.org) and Manuel Contreras (mcontreras@icrw.org) at ICRW. It has been used in Brazil, Chile, Croatia, India, Mexico, and Rwanda.
Food Security in Practice: Using Gender Research in Development.
2006. Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.
https://bit.ly/2m9Y9rV
Authors: Quisumbing, Agnes R and Bonnie McClafferty. Date: 2006
Organization: International Food Policy Research Institute
Health Area: Nutrition
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): Using empirical evidence on how gender and intra-household issues affect development interventions, this tool guides users on how to incorporate research findings into development projects and policy. Findings are presented on International Food Policy Research Institute gender and intra-household research program and guides users on how to use project and policy cycles as frameworks for incorporating gender research. For example, this guide examines how to address gender throughout the project cycle for a needs assessment, project design, project implementation, and M&E.
Targeted Users: Project implementers and policymakers.
How to apply the tool? This tool can be used to incorporate gender throughout each stage of the project cycle and to increase attention to gender in policies.
Authors: Promundo and International Center for Research on Women. Date: 2011
Organization: International Center for Research on Women and Instituto Promundo
Health Area: Men’s engagement
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): The International Men and Gender Equality Survey questionnaire developed under the Men and Gender Equality Policy Project can be used to assess men’s attitudes and practices and women’s opinions of men’s practices related to several key topic areas, including gender-based violence, health and health-related practice, household division of labor, men’s participation as caregivers/fathers, attitudes about gender-related policies, transactional sex, criminal behavior, and quality of life. The tool includes one questionnaire for men and one for women. These questionnaires include sections focused on sociodemographic information, childhood experiences, attitudes about relations between men and women, sexual diversity, household dynamics, policies, parenting, relationships and violence, and health and quality of life.
These questionnaires were used in Latin America, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa with more than 8,000 men and 3,500 women ages 18-59.
Targeted Users: Project staff working with men and women involved in projects addressing gender equality.
How to apply the tool? This tool can be used to interview men and women about attitude and practices related to gender equality issues. The tool authors recommend that organizations interested in using the survey in new locations should contact Gary Barker at Instituto Promundo (g.barker@promundo.org.br) and/or Ravi Verma (rverma@icrw.org) and Manuel Contreras (mcontreras@icrw.org) at ICRW. It has been used in Brazil, Chile, Croatia, India, Mexico, and Rwanda.
Authors: Quisumbing, Agnes R and Bonnie McClafferty. Date: 2006
Organization: International Food Policy Research Institute
Health Area: Nutrition
Tool Objectives (What is this tool designed to help you do?): Using empirical evidence on how gender and intra-household issues affect development interventions, this tool guides users on how to incorporate research findings into development projects and policy. Findings are presented on International Food Policy Research Institute gender and intra-household research program and guides users on how to use project and policy cycles as frameworks for incorporating gender research. For example, this guide examines how to address gender throughout the project cycle for a needs assessment, project design, project implementation, and M&E.
Targeted Users: Project implementers and policymakers.
How to apply the tool? This tool can be used to incorporate gender throughout each stage of the project cycle and to increase attention to gender in policies.